diff --git a/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/graph/AppInfoWithSubtyping.java b/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/graph/AppInfoWithSubtyping.java
index e415b0f..a45064e 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/graph/AppInfoWithSubtyping.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/graph/AppInfoWithSubtyping.java
@@ -119,10 +119,8 @@
 
   // For mapping invoke virtual instruction to target methods.
   public Set<DexEncodedMethod> lookupVirtualTargets(DexMethod method) {
-    if (method.holder.isArrayType()) {
-      assert method.name == dexItemFactory.cloneMethodName;
-      return null;
-    }
+    Set<DexEncodedMethod> result = new HashSet<>();
+    // First add the target for receiver type method.type.
     DexClass root = definitionFor(method.holder);
     if (root == null) {
       // type specified in method does not have a materialized class.
@@ -133,8 +131,6 @@
       // This will fail at runtime.
       return null;
     }
-    // First add the target for receiver type method.type.
-    Set<DexEncodedMethod> result = new HashSet<>();
     topTargets.forEachTarget(result::add);
     // Add all matching targets from the subclass hierarchy.
     for (DexType type : subtypes(method.holder)) {
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/graph/DirectMappedDexApplication.java b/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/graph/DirectMappedDexApplication.java
index f070078..012c4a4 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/graph/DirectMappedDexApplication.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/graph/DirectMappedDexApplication.java
@@ -45,7 +45,6 @@
 
   @Override
   public DexClass definitionFor(DexType type) {
-    assert type.isClassType() : "Cannot lookup definition for type: " + type;
     DexClass result = programClasses.get(type);
     if (result == null) {
       result = libraryClasses.get(type);
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/graph/LazyLoadedDexApplication.java b/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/graph/LazyLoadedDexApplication.java
index b236428..6dea825 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/graph/LazyLoadedDexApplication.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/graph/LazyLoadedDexApplication.java
@@ -42,7 +42,9 @@
 
   @Override
   public DexClass definitionFor(DexType type) {
-    assert type.isClassType() : "Cannot lookup definition for type: " + type;
+    if (type == null) {
+      return null;
+    }
     DexClass clazz = programClasses.get(type);
     if (clazz == null && classpathClasses != null) {
       clazz = classpathClasses.get(type);
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/ir/analysis/TypeChecker.java b/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/ir/analysis/TypeChecker.java
index 75a9726..53a6245 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/ir/analysis/TypeChecker.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/ir/analysis/TypeChecker.java
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@
       return true;
     }
 
-    if (fieldType.isClassType() && valueType.isReference()) {
+    if (valueType.isReference()) {
       // Interface types are treated like Object according to the JVM spec.
       // https://docs.oracle.com/javase/specs/jvms/se9/html/jvms-4.html#jvms-4.10.1.2-100
       DexClass clazz = appInfo.definitionFor(instruction.getField().type);
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/ir/code/ConstClass.java b/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/ir/code/ConstClass.java
index 7610f9c..bd57f29 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/ir/code/ConstClass.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/ir/code/ConstClass.java
@@ -91,9 +91,6 @@
     // A const-class instruction can be dead code only if the resulting program is known to contain
     // the class mentioned.
     DexType baseType = clazz.toBaseType(appInfo.dexItemFactory);
-    if (baseType.isPrimitiveType()) {
-      return true;
-    }
     DexClass holder = appInfo.definitionFor(baseType);
     return holder != null && holder.isProgramClass();
   }
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/ir/optimize/CodeRewriter.java b/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/ir/optimize/CodeRewriter.java
index 3091c36..3227d45 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/ir/optimize/CodeRewriter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/ir/optimize/CodeRewriter.java
@@ -2147,9 +2147,6 @@
 
   private boolean isTypeInaccessibleInCurrentContext(DexType type, DexEncodedMethod context) {
     DexType baseType = type.toBaseType(appInfo.dexItemFactory);
-    if (baseType.isPrimitiveType()) {
-      return false;
-    }
     DexClass clazz = definitionFor(baseType);
     if (clazz == null) {
       // Conservatively say yes.
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/ir/optimize/classinliner/InlineCandidateProcessor.java b/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/ir/optimize/classinliner/InlineCandidateProcessor.java
index cdf37c4..7375303 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/ir/optimize/classinliner/InlineCandidateProcessor.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/ir/optimize/classinliner/InlineCandidateProcessor.java
@@ -113,9 +113,6 @@
 
     eligibleClass =
         root.isNewInstance() ? root.asNewInstance().clazz : root.asStaticGet().getField().type;
-    if (!eligibleClass.isClassType()) {
-      return false;
-    }
     eligibleClassDefinition = appInfo.definitionFor(eligibleClass);
     if (eligibleClassDefinition == null && lambdaRewriter != null) {
       // Check if the class is synthesized for a desugared lambda
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/shaking/Enqueuer.java b/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/shaking/Enqueuer.java
index 8560ba7..adc6979 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/shaking/Enqueuer.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/shaking/Enqueuer.java
@@ -2414,10 +2414,6 @@
       // https://docs.oracle.com/javase/specs/jvms/se9/html/jvms-6.html#jvms-6.5.invokevirtual
       assert method != null;
       assert refinedReceiverType.isSubtypeOf(method.holder, this);
-      if (method.holder.isArrayType()) {
-        assert method.name == dexItemFactory.cloneMethodName;
-        return null;
-      }
       DexClass holder = definitionFor(method.holder);
       if (holder == null || holder.isLibraryClass() || holder.isInterface()) {
         return null;
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/shaking/MainDexDirectReferenceTracer.java b/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/shaking/MainDexDirectReferenceTracer.java
index 71b3d53..543dcc4 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/shaking/MainDexDirectReferenceTracer.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/shaking/MainDexDirectReferenceTracer.java
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 import com.android.tools.r8.graph.DexString;
 import com.android.tools.r8.graph.DexType;
 import com.android.tools.r8.graph.UseRegistry;
+import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableSet;
 import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.function.Consumer;
 
@@ -60,23 +61,35 @@
     boolean value = false;
   }
 
+  public static boolean hasReferencesOutside(
+      AppInfoWithSubtyping appInfo, DexProgramClass clazz, Set<DexType> types) {
+    BooleanBox result = new BooleanBox();
+
+    new MainDexDirectReferenceTracer(appInfo, type -> {
+      if (!types.contains(type)) {
+        DexClass cls = appInfo.definitionFor(type);
+        if (cls != null && !cls.isLibraryClass()) {
+          result.value = true;
+        }
+      }
+    }).run(ImmutableSet.of(clazz.type));
+
+    return result.value;
+  }
+
   public static boolean hasReferencesOutsideFromCode(
       AppInfoWithSubtyping appInfo, DexEncodedMethod method, Set<DexType> classes) {
 
     BooleanBox result = new BooleanBox();
 
-    new MainDexDirectReferenceTracer(
-            appInfo,
-            type -> {
-              DexType baseType = type.toBaseType(appInfo.dexItemFactory);
-              if (baseType.isClassType() && !classes.contains(baseType)) {
-                DexClass cls = appInfo.definitionFor(baseType);
-                if (cls != null && !cls.isLibraryClass()) {
-                  result.value = true;
-                }
-              }
-            })
-        .runOnCode(method);
+    new MainDexDirectReferenceTracer(appInfo, type -> {
+      if (!classes.contains(type)) {
+        DexClass cls = appInfo.definitionFor(type);
+        if (cls != null && !cls.isLibraryClass()) {
+          result.value = true;
+        }
+      }
+    }).runOnCode(method);
 
     return result.value;
   }
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/shaking/RootSetBuilder.java b/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/shaking/RootSetBuilder.java
index ff196e3..898d06c 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/shaking/RootSetBuilder.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/shaking/RootSetBuilder.java
@@ -843,9 +843,6 @@
   }
 
   private void includeDescriptor(DexDefinition item, DexType type, ProguardKeepRule context) {
-    if (type.isVoidType()) {
-      return;
-    }
     if (type.isArrayType()) {
       type = type.toBaseType(application.dexItemFactory);
     }
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/shaking/VerticalClassMerger.java b/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/shaking/VerticalClassMerger.java
index 2d8392b..b9f7554 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/shaking/VerticalClassMerger.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/shaking/VerticalClassMerger.java
@@ -336,16 +336,15 @@
   }
 
   private void markTypeAsPinned(DexType type, AbortReason reason) {
-    DexType baseType = type.toBaseType(appInfo.dexItemFactory);
-    if (!baseType.isClassType() || appInfo.isPinned(baseType)) {
+    if (appInfo.isPinned(type)) {
       // We check for the case where the type is pinned according to appInfo.isPinned,
       // so we only need to add it here if it is not the case.
       return;
     }
 
-    DexClass clazz = appInfo.definitionFor(baseType);
+    DexClass clazz = appInfo.definitionFor(type);
     if (clazz != null && clazz.isProgramClass()) {
-      boolean changed = pinnedTypes.add(baseType);
+      boolean changed = pinnedTypes.add(type);
 
       if (Log.ENABLED) {
         if (changed && isMergeCandidate(clazz.asProgramClass(), ImmutableSet.of())) {
@@ -743,6 +742,10 @@
     return false;
   }
 
+  private boolean hasReferencesOutside(DexProgramClass clazz, Set<DexType> types) {
+    return MainDexDirectReferenceTracer.hasReferencesOutside(appInfo, clazz, types);
+  }
+
   private void mergeClassIfPossible(DexProgramClass clazz) {
     if (!mergeCandidates.contains(clazz)) {
       return;
diff --git a/src/test/examples/classmerging/PinnedArrayParameterTypesTest.java b/src/test/examples/classmerging/PinnedArrayParameterTypesTest.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 4a8b5be..0000000
--- a/src/test/examples/classmerging/PinnedArrayParameterTypesTest.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,47 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) 2019, the R8 project authors. Please see the AUTHORS file
-// for details. All rights reserved. Use of this source code is governed by a
-// BSD-style license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
-
-package classmerging;
-
-import java.lang.reflect.Method;
-
-public class PinnedArrayParameterTypesTest {
-
-  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-    for (Method method : TestClass.class.getMethods()) {
-      if (method.getName().equals("method")) {
-        Class<?> parameterType = method.getParameterTypes()[0];
-
-        // Should print classmerging.PinnedArrayParameterTypesTest$Interface when
-        // -keepparameternames is used.
-        System.out.println(parameterType.getName());
-
-        method.invoke(null, new Object[]{ new InterfaceImpl[]{ new InterfaceImpl() } });
-        break;
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  public interface Interface {
-
-    void foo();
-  }
-
-  public static class InterfaceImpl implements Interface {
-
-    @Override
-    public void foo() {
-      System.out.println("In InterfaceImpl.foo()");
-    }
-  }
-
-  public static class TestClass {
-
-    // This method has been kept explicitly by a keep rule. Therefore, since -keepparameternames is
-    // used, Interface must not be merged into InterfaceImpl.
-    public static void method(Interface[] obj) {
-      obj[0].foo();
-    }
-  }
-}
diff --git a/src/test/examples/classmerging/keep-rules.txt b/src/test/examples/classmerging/keep-rules.txt
index c75058d..e3e0006 100644
--- a/src/test/examples/classmerging/keep-rules.txt
+++ b/src/test/examples/classmerging/keep-rules.txt
@@ -43,12 +43,6 @@
 -keep public class classmerging.PinnedParameterTypesTest$TestClass {
   public static void method(...);
 }
--keep public class classmerging.PinnedArrayParameterTypesTest {
-  public static void main(...);
-}
--keep public class classmerging.PinnedArrayParameterTypesTest$TestClass {
-  public static void method(...);
-}
 -keep public class classmerging.ProguardFieldMapTest {
   public static void main(...);
 }
diff --git a/src/test/java/com/android/tools/r8/D8TestBuilder.java b/src/test/java/com/android/tools/r8/D8TestBuilder.java
index 37e4dec..88d077b 100644
--- a/src/test/java/com/android/tools/r8/D8TestBuilder.java
+++ b/src/test/java/com/android/tools/r8/D8TestBuilder.java
@@ -3,18 +3,13 @@
 // BSD-style license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
 package com.android.tools.r8;
 
-import com.android.tools.r8.ClassFileConsumer.ArchiveConsumer;
 import com.android.tools.r8.D8Command.Builder;
 import com.android.tools.r8.TestBase.Backend;
 import com.android.tools.r8.utils.AndroidApp;
-import com.android.tools.r8.utils.DescriptorUtils;
 import com.android.tools.r8.utils.InternalOptions;
-import java.io.IOException;
 import java.nio.file.Path;
-import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Collection;
-import java.util.List;
 import java.util.function.Consumer;
 import java.util.function.Supplier;
 
@@ -22,9 +17,6 @@
     extends TestCompilerBuilder<
         D8Command, Builder, D8TestCompileResult, D8TestRunResult, D8TestBuilder> {
 
-  // Consider an in-order collection of both class and files on the classpath.
-  private List<Class<?>> classpathClasses = new ArrayList<>();
-
   private D8TestBuilder(TestState state, Builder builder) {
     super(state, builder, Backend.DEX);
   }
@@ -42,29 +34,6 @@
   D8TestCompileResult internalCompile(
       Builder builder, Consumer<InternalOptions> optionsConsumer, Supplier<AndroidApp> app)
       throws CompilationFailedException {
-    if (!classpathClasses.isEmpty()) {
-      Path cp;
-      try {
-        cp = getState().getNewTempFolder().resolve("cp.jar");
-      } catch (IOException e) {
-        throw builder.getReporter().fatalError("Failed to create temp file for classpath archive");
-      }
-      ArchiveConsumer archiveConsumer = new ArchiveConsumer(cp);
-      for (Class<?> classpathClass : classpathClasses) {
-        try {
-          archiveConsumer.accept(
-              ByteDataView.of(ToolHelper.getClassAsBytes(classpathClass)),
-              DescriptorUtils.javaTypeToDescriptor(classpathClass.getTypeName()),
-              builder.getReporter());
-        } catch (IOException e) {
-          builder
-              .getReporter()
-              .error("Failed to read bytes for classpath class: " + classpathClass.getTypeName());
-        }
-      }
-      archiveConsumer.finished(builder.getReporter());
-      builder.addClasspathFiles(cp);
-    }
     ToolHelper.runD8(builder, optionsConsumer);
     return new D8TestCompileResult(getState(), app.get());
   }
@@ -74,8 +43,7 @@
   }
 
   public D8TestBuilder addClasspathClasses(Collection<Class<?>> classes) {
-    classpathClasses.addAll(classes);
-    return self();
+    return addClasspathFiles(getFilesForClasses(classes));
   }
 
   public D8TestBuilder addClasspathFiles(Path... files) {
diff --git a/src/test/java/com/android/tools/r8/RegressionForPrimitiveDefinitionForLookup.java b/src/test/java/com/android/tools/r8/RegressionForPrimitiveDefinitionForLookup.java
deleted file mode 100644
index b43bb8b..0000000
--- a/src/test/java/com/android/tools/r8/RegressionForPrimitiveDefinitionForLookup.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,43 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) 2019, the R8 project authors. Please see the AUTHORS file
-// for details. All rights reserved. Use of this source code is governed by a
-// BSD-style license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
-package com.android.tools.r8;
-
-import com.android.tools.r8.utils.StringUtils;
-import org.junit.Test;
-
-class Tester {
-  public int foo() {
-    float[][][] fs = new float[1][2][3];
-    return fs.length;
-  }
-
-  public static void main(String[] args) {
-    System.out.println(new Tester().foo());
-  }
-}
-
-// The DirectoryClasspathProvider asserts lookups are reference types which witnessed the issue.
-public class RegressionForPrimitiveDefinitionForLookup extends TestBase {
-
-  public final Class<Tester> CLASS = Tester.class;
-  public String EXPECTED = StringUtils.lines("1");
-
-  @Test
-  public void testWithArchiveClasspath() throws Exception {
-    testForD8()
-        .addClasspathClasses(CLASS)
-        .addProgramClasses(CLASS)
-        .run(CLASS)
-        .assertSuccessWithOutput(EXPECTED);
-  }
-
-  @Test
-  public void testWithDirectoryClasspath() throws Exception {
-    testForD8()
-        .addClasspathFiles(ToolHelper.getClassPathForTests())
-        .addProgramClasses(CLASS)
-        .run(CLASS)
-        .assertSuccessWithOutput(EXPECTED);
-  }
-}
diff --git a/src/test/java/com/android/tools/r8/classmerging/VerticalClassMergerTest.java b/src/test/java/com/android/tools/r8/classmerging/VerticalClassMergerTest.java
index bb89443..2284fa5 100644
--- a/src/test/java/com/android/tools/r8/classmerging/VerticalClassMergerTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/com/android/tools/r8/classmerging/VerticalClassMergerTest.java
@@ -466,29 +466,6 @@
   }
 
   @Test
-  public void testPinnedArrayParameterTypes() throws Throwable {
-    String main = "classmerging.PinnedArrayParameterTypesTest";
-    Path[] programFiles =
-        new Path[] {
-            CF_DIR.resolve("PinnedArrayParameterTypesTest.class"),
-            CF_DIR.resolve("PinnedArrayParameterTypesTest$Interface.class"),
-            CF_DIR.resolve("PinnedArrayParameterTypesTest$InterfaceImpl.class"),
-            CF_DIR.resolve("PinnedArrayParameterTypesTest$TestClass.class")
-        };
-    Set<String> preservedClassNames =
-        ImmutableSet.of(
-            "classmerging.PinnedArrayParameterTypesTest",
-            "classmerging.PinnedArrayParameterTypesTest$Interface",
-            "classmerging.PinnedArrayParameterTypesTest$InterfaceImpl",
-            "classmerging.PinnedArrayParameterTypesTest$TestClass");
-    runTest(
-        main,
-        programFiles,
-        preservedClassNames::contains,
-        getProguardConfig(EXAMPLE_KEEP, "-keepparameternames"));
-  }
-
-  @Test
   public void testProguardFieldMap() throws Throwable {
     String main = "classmerging.ProguardFieldMapTest";
     Path[] programFiles =