diff --git a/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/utils/InternalOptions.java b/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/utils/InternalOptions.java
index 2819a74..b51e3cd 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/utils/InternalOptions.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/utils/InternalOptions.java
@@ -2403,6 +2403,7 @@
     public boolean enableEnumUnboxingDebugLogs =
         System.getProperty("com.android.tools.r8.enableEnumUnboxingDebugLogs") != null;
     public boolean enableEnumWithSubtypesUnboxing = true;
+    public boolean enableVerticalClassMergerLensAssertion = false;
     public boolean forceRedundantConstNumberRemoval = false;
     public boolean enableExperimentalDesugaredLibraryKeepRuleGenerator = false;
     public boolean invertConditionals = false;
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/verticalclassmerging/VerticalClassMergerGraphLens.java b/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/verticalclassmerging/VerticalClassMergerGraphLens.java
index 1a08e65..e3ad747 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/verticalclassmerging/VerticalClassMergerGraphLens.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/android/tools/r8/verticalclassmerging/VerticalClassMergerGraphLens.java
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
 import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableSet;
 import com.google.common.collect.Iterables;
+import com.google.common.collect.Streams;
 import java.util.Collection;
 import java.util.IdentityHashMap;
 import java.util.Map;
@@ -133,16 +134,23 @@
         }
       }
     }
+    MethodLookupResult lookupResult;
     DexMethod newMethod = methodMap.apply(previous.getReference());
     if (newMethod == null) {
-      return previous;
+      lookupResult = previous;
+    } else {
+      lookupResult =
+          MethodLookupResult.builder(this)
+              .setReference(newMethod)
+              .setPrototypeChanges(
+                  internalDescribePrototypeChanges(previous.getPrototypeChanges(), newMethod))
+              .setType(mapInvocationType(newMethod, previous.getReference(), previous.getType()))
+              .build();
     }
-    return MethodLookupResult.builder(this)
-        .setReference(newMethod)
-        .setPrototypeChanges(
-            internalDescribePrototypeChanges(previous.getPrototypeChanges(), newMethod))
-        .setType(mapInvocationType(newMethod, previous.getReference(), previous.getType()))
-        .build();
+    assert !appView.testing().enableVerticalClassMergerLensAssertion
+        || Streams.stream(lookupResult.getReference().getReferencedBaseTypes(dexItemFactory()))
+            .noneMatch(type -> mergedClasses.hasBeenMergedIntoSubtype(type));
+    return lookupResult;
   }
 
   @Override
diff --git a/src/test/java/com/android/tools/r8/classmerging/vertical/IncorrectRewritingOfInvokeSuperTest.java b/src/test/java/com/android/tools/r8/classmerging/vertical/IncorrectRewritingOfInvokeSuperTest.java
index 93aad99..8cd641d 100644
--- a/src/test/java/com/android/tools/r8/classmerging/vertical/IncorrectRewritingOfInvokeSuperTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/com/android/tools/r8/classmerging/vertical/IncorrectRewritingOfInvokeSuperTest.java
@@ -4,10 +4,16 @@
 
 package com.android.tools.r8.classmerging.vertical;
 
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
+
 import com.android.tools.r8.NeverInline;
+import com.android.tools.r8.R8TestCompileResult;
 import com.android.tools.r8.TestBase;
 import com.android.tools.r8.TestParameters;
-import com.android.tools.r8.TestParametersCollection;
+import com.android.tools.r8.utils.BooleanUtils;
+import com.android.tools.r8.utils.Box;
+import com.android.tools.r8.utils.codeinspector.AssertUtils;
+import java.util.List;
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
 import org.junit.runners.Parameterized;
@@ -21,22 +27,41 @@
   @Parameter(0)
   public TestParameters parameters;
 
-  @Parameters(name = "{0}")
-  public static TestParametersCollection data() {
-    return getTestParameters().withAllRuntimesAndApiLevels().build();
+  @Parameter(1)
+  public boolean verifyLensLookup;
+
+  @Parameters(name = "{0}, verify: {1}")
+  public static List<Object[]> data() {
+    return buildParameters(
+        getTestParameters().withAllRuntimesAndApiLevels().build(), BooleanUtils.values());
   }
 
   @Test
   public void test() throws Exception {
-    testForR8(parameters.getBackend())
-        .addInnerClasses(IncorrectRewritingOfInvokeSuperTest.class)
-        .addKeepMainRule(TestClass.class)
-        .addOptionsModification(options -> options.enableUnusedInterfaceRemoval = false)
-        .enableInliningAnnotations()
-        .addDontObfuscate()
-        .setMinApi(parameters)
-        .run(parameters.getRuntime(), TestClass.class)
-        .assertSuccess();
+    Box<R8TestCompileResult> compileResult = new Box<>();
+    AssertUtils.assertFailsCompilationIf(
+        verifyLensLookup,
+        () ->
+            compileResult.set(
+                testForR8(parameters.getBackend())
+                    .addInnerClasses(IncorrectRewritingOfInvokeSuperTest.class)
+                    .addKeepMainRule(TestClass.class)
+                    .addOptionsModification(
+                        options -> {
+                          options.enableUnusedInterfaceRemoval = false;
+                          options.testing.enableVerticalClassMergerLensAssertion = verifyLensLookup;
+                        })
+                    .enableInliningAnnotations()
+                    .addDontObfuscate()
+                    .setMinApi(parameters)
+                    .compile()));
+
+    if (!compileResult.isSet()) {
+      assertTrue(verifyLensLookup);
+      return;
+    }
+
+    compileResult.get().run(parameters.getRuntime(), TestClass.class).assertSuccess();
   }
 
   static class TestClass {